Ko bhodhi redunhu rePCB fekitori rinogadzirwa sei?Iyo diki yedunhu zvinhu inogona kuoneka pamusoro pemhangura foil.Pakutanga, iyo foil yemhangura yakavharwa paPCB yese, asi chikamu chayo chakavharwa panguva yekugadzira, uye chikamu chakasara chakava mesh-sediki sedunhu..

 

Mitsetse iyi inodaidzwa kuti waya kana matrace uye inoshandiswa kupa kubatanidza magetsi kune zvikamu paPCB.Kazhinji ruvara rwe PCB bhodhi yakasvibira kana yakasvibira, inova ruvara rwe solder mask.Iyo insulating inodzivirira layer inochengetedza waya yemhangura uye inodzivirirawo zvikamu kubva pakutengeswa kunzvimbo dzisina kunaka.



Multilayer Circuit boards ikozvino inoshandiswa pamabhodhi eamai uye makadhi emifananidzo, ayo anowedzera zvakanyanya nzvimbo inogona kuve newaya.Multilayer mapuranga anoshandisa zvakawanda mabhodhi e wiring ega kana maviri , woisa insulating layer pakati pepuranga rimwe nerimwe woadzvanya pamwechete.Huwandu hwezvikamu zvePCB board zvinoreva kuti kune akati wandei akazvimirira ega etambo, kazhinji huwandu hwematanho hwakafanana, uye hunosanganisira maviri ekunze.Mabhodhi ePCB akajairwa anowanzo 4 kusvika ku8 akaturikidzana echimiro.Nhamba yezvikamu zvePCB mabhodhi akawanda inogona kuonekwa nekuona chikamu chebhodhi rePCB.Asi pachokwadi, hapana ane ziso rakanaka kudaro.Saka, heino imwe nzira yekukudzidzisa iwe.

 

Iyo yedunhu yekubatanidza yeakawanda-layer mabhodhi ndeye kuburikidza nekuvigwa kuburikidza uye bofu kuburikidza nehunyanzvi.Mazhinji mamaboards uye makadhi ekuratidzira anoshandisa 4-layer PCB board, uye mamwe anoshandisa 6-, 8-layer, kana kunyange gumi-layer PCB board.Kana iwe uchida kuona kuti mangani akaturikidzana ari muPCB, unogona kuzvizivisa nekutarisa maburi ekutungamira, nekuti 4-layer mapuranga anoshandiswa pabhodhi guru uye kadhi rekuratidzira ndiyo yekutanga uye yechina mitsara yewaya, uye iyo mamwe ma layer anoshandiswa kune zvimwe zvinangwa (ground wire).uye simba).

 

Naizvozvo, senge kaviri-layer board, gomba rekutungamira richapinda muPCB board.Kana vamwe vias kuoneka kumberi divi PCB asi haigoni kuwanikwa kuseri divi, zvino inofanira kuva 6/8-layer board.Kana maburi egwara mamwechete achigona kuwanikwa pamativi ese ePCB board, inongogara iri 4-layer board.



Iyo PCB yekugadzira maitiro inotanga nePCB "substrate" yakagadzirwa neGirazi Epoxy kana yakafanana.Nhanho yekutanga yekugadzira ndeyekudhirowa wiring pakati pezvikamu.Iyo nzira ndeye "kudhinda" iyo yedunhu isina kunaka yeyakagadzirwa PCB redunhu bhodhi pane simbi conductor nenzira ye Subtractive kuchinjisa.



Icho chinonyengera ndechekuparadzira chidimbu chemhangura chemhangura pamusoro pepamusoro pese uye kubvisa zvakanyanyisa.Kana iyo yakagadzirwa yakapetwa kaviri, ipapo mativi ese ePCB substrate anozofukidzwa nemhangura foil.Kuti uite bhodhi re-multi-layer board, mapuranga maviri ane mativi maviri anogona "kumanikidzwa" pamwe chete nekunamatira kwakakosha.

 

Tevere, kuchera uye electroplating inodiwa kubatanidza zvikamu zvinogona kuitwa paPCB board.Mushure mekudhirowa nemichina yemuchina zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekuchera, mukati megomba madziro anofanira kuputirwa (Plated-Through-Hole tekinoroji, PTH).Mushure mekunge kurapwa kwesimbi kunoitwa mukati megomba remadziro, zvidimbu zvemukati zvemasekete zvinogona kubatanidzwa kune mumwe nemumwe.

 

Usati watanga electroplating, marara ari mugomba anofanira kucheneswa.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo resin epoxy ichaita shanduko yemakemikari kana yapiswa, uye inovhara yemukati PCB maseru, saka inoda kubviswa kutanga.Zvese zviri zviviri zvekuchenesa uye plating zviito zvinoitwa mumakemikari process.Zvadaro, zvakakosha kupfekedza solder kuramba pendi (solder kuramba inki) pane yekunze wiring kuitira kuti wiring isabata chikamu chakaputirwa.

 

Zvadaro, zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodhindwa skrini pabhodhi redunhu kuratidza nzvimbo yechikamu chimwe nechimwe.Iyo haigone kuvhara chero wiring kana zvigunwe zvegoridhe, zvikasadaro zvinogona kuderedza solderability kana kugadzikana kwekubatana kwazvino.Pamusoro pezvo, kana paine masimbi ekubatanidza, iyo "minwe yegoridhe" inowanzoputirwa negoridhe panguva ino kuti ive nechokwadi chemhando yepamusoro yemagetsi yekubatanidza kana yaiswa mune yekuwedzera slot.

 

Pakupedzisira, pane muedzo.Edza PCB yezvikabudura kana maseketi akavhurika, angave optical kana nemagetsi.Nzira dzeOptical dzinoshandisa scanning kuti uwane zvikanganiso mune yega yega, uye yemagetsi bvunzo inowanzo shandisa Flying-Probe kutarisa zvese zvinongedzo.Kuongororwa kwemagetsi kwakanyatso kurongeka pakutsvaga zvikabudura kana kuvhura, asi kuongorora kwemaziso kunogona kuona zviri nyore matambudziko nemagepu asiri iwo pakati pemakondakita.



Mushure mekunge substrate yebhodhi redunhu yapedzwa, bhodhi reamai rakapedzwa rine zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehukuru hwakasiyana paPCB substrate zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa - tanga washandisa SMT otomatiki yekuisa muchina "kutengesa IC chip uye zvigamba zvikamu", uye wozozviita nemawoko. connect.Batanidza rimwe basa risingagone kuitwa nemuchina, uye nyatso gadzirisa izvi plug-in zvikamu paPCB kuburikidza ne wave / reflow soldering process, saka mamaboard anogadzirwa.