Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo nei i ka mea pono Na Papa Kaapuni Pai (PCB) a pehea i hana ʻia ai, a laila ʻaʻole ʻoe wale nō.Nui ka poʻe i ʻike maopopo ʻole i ka "Papa Kaapuni", akā ʻaʻole lākou he poʻe akamai i ka hiki ke wehewehe i ke ʻano o ka Papa Kaapuni Pai.Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā PCB e kākoʻo a hoʻopili uila i nā ʻāpana uila pili i ka papa.ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o nā mea uila no nā PCB he capacitors a me nā mea pale.Hoʻohui ʻia kēia a me nā ʻāpana uila ʻē aʻe ma o nā ala conductive, nā ala a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hōʻailona i kālai ʻia mai nā ʻāpana keleawe i laminated ma luna o ka substrate non conductive.Ke loaʻa i ka papa kēia mau ala conductive a non conductive, ua kapa ʻia nā papa i kekahi manawa ʻo ka Printed Wiring Board (PWB).Ke hoʻohui ʻia ka uea a me nā ʻāpana uila i ka papa, ua kapa ʻia ka Papa Kaapuni Pai i kēia manawa he Paipai Kaapuni (PCA) a i ʻole. Ahahui Papa Kaapuni Pai (PCBA).

ʻO nā Papa Kaapuni Pai i ka hapa nui o ka manawa maʻalahi, akā hiki ke hilinaʻi nui ʻia.He kiʻekiʻe ke kumu kūʻai mua no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa a me nā kumuwaiwai, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka PCB a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻana no ka hana kiʻekiʻe.Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka nui o ka PCB Design, ka mana maikaʻi, a me nā kūlana hui e ka hui Association Connecting Electronics Industries (IPC).

I ka hana ʻana i nā PCB, hana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā kaapuni i paʻi ʻia ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi papa keleawe ma luna o ka substrate, i kekahi manawa ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, e hana ana i kahi PCB blank.A laila, hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke keleawe i makemake ʻole ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mask no ka manawa e ka etching.Ke waiho wale nei kēia i nā ʻāpana keleawe i makemake ʻia e noho ma ka PCB.Ma muli o ka nui o ka hana no nā Sample/Prototype nui a i ʻole ka nui o ka hana ʻana, aia ke kaʻina hana o ka electroplating lehulehu, he hana paʻakikī ia e hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana keleawe lahilahi o ka substrate ma luna o ka substrate.

Aia nā ala like ʻole no ka unuhi ʻana (a i ʻole ka wehe ʻana i ke keleawe i makemake ʻole ʻia ma ka papa) i ka wā e hana ai nā PCB.ʻO ke ʻano pāʻoihana koʻikoʻi o ka nui o ka hana ʻana he paʻi kiʻi siliki a me nā ʻano kiʻi kiʻi (Hoʻohana maʻamau inā maikaʻi ka laulā laina).Inā liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka hana, ʻo ke ʻano nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana ʻo ia ka paʻi paʻi laser, paʻi ma luna o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, laser resist ablation, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka CNC-mill.ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau ka paʻi kiʻi kiʻi, kiʻi kiʻi, a me ka wili.Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi kaʻina hana maʻamau i hoʻohana mau ʻia no nā papa kaapuni multilayer no ka mea, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ia i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā lua, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Addictive" a i ʻole "Semi-Addictive".