Njengoba sonke sazi, i-PCB, njengomama wemboni ye-elekthronikhi, ibaluleke kakhulu emikhiqizweni ye-elekthronikhi, ikakhulukazi amabhodi asezingeni eliphezulu, okuyiwona amabhodi okulawula amakhulu emishini ethile ebalulekile.Uma kunenkinga, kulula ukubangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu.Khona-ke, lapho ukhetha i-Foundry Lapho ucubungula amabhodi aphezulu-ungqimba, unganquma kanjani ukuthi imboni yebhodi le-PCB ineziqu zokukhiqiza?Ngokuvamile, kunganqunywa ngokubheka isitifiketi sekhwalithi yefekthri yebhodi le-PCB.Ukuze wazi izitifiketi ze-ABIS, chofoza lapha .

Okokuqala, isitifiketi se-ISO 9001 - isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi.

Isitifiketi se-ISO 9001

Isitifiketi se-ISO 9001 siwuhlaka lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi osekusungulwe kakhulu emhlabeni, esibeka amazinga hhayi kuphela wezinhlelo zokuphatha ikhwalithi kodwa nezinhlelo zokuphatha zizonke.Iqinisa izinga lokuphatha lebhizinisi ngokwenza ngcono ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende kanye nokukhuthaza umdlandla wabasebenzi.Isetshenziselwa ukufakazela ukuthi ibhizinisi linamandla okuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende nemithethonqubo esebenzayo.Kuyipasipoti yokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi nokuqondisa amabhizinisi nemikhiqizo.

Isitifiketi se-ISO 9001 siyisitifiketi esiyisisekelo kakhulu emhlabeni.Izimboni ezivamile ze-electronics ngokuvamile zingakwazi ukuqala ukukhiqiza ngemva kokuwuthola, kodwa izimboni zebhodi le-PCB azikwazi ngenxa yokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB kukhiqiza kalula imfucuza eningi engcolisa imvelo.Ngakho-ke, kufanele futhi bathole isitifiketi se-IS0 14001, okungukuthi, isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphathwa kwemvelo.

Isitifiketi se-ISO 14001

Isitifiketi se-ISO 14001 yindinganiso yamazwe ngamazwe egxile ezinhlelweni zokuphathwa kwemvelo.Ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngemvelo, leli zinga liye laqashelwa amazwe amaningi kanye namabhizinisi.Umongo wayo uwukufuna ukuthi inhlangano ilawule izinto ezithinta imvelo kuyo yonke inqubo yokwakhiwa komkhiqizo, ukukhiqizwa, ukusetshenziswa, ukuphela kwempilo kanye nokugaywa kabusha.Ifingqiwe kakhulu ngezici ezinkulu: inqubomgomo yezemvelo, ukuhlela, ukuqaliswa nokusebenza, izinyathelo zokuhlola nokulungisa, kanye nokubuyekezwa kokuphatha.

Ngemuva kokuthola isitifiketi se-ISO 9001, i-IS0 14001, ingakhiqiza amabhodi we-PCB wabathengi abajwayelekile.Ngakho-ke, kuthiwani uma udinga ukukhiqiza amabhodi e-PCB e-automotive electronics?Kulokhu, isitifiketi se-IATF 16949, Isitifiketi Sohlelo Lokuphathwa Kwekhwalithi Yezimoto, siyadingeka.

Isitifiketi se-IATF 16949

Isitifiketi se-IATF 16949 siwukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe okuklanywe yinhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe yemboni yezimoto i-IATF, ngokusekelwe kuhlelo lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi ye-ISO 9001 futhi olushunyekiwe nezidingo ezikhethekile zomkhakha wezimoto.Imikhiqizo ingangeza inani.Kuneziqu eziqinile zabakhiqizi ezingaqinisekiswa.Ngakho-ke, ukuqaliswa kwalokhu kushiwo kuzoba nomthelela oqondile ezinkampanini zezimoto kanye nabahlinzeki bazo abakhiqiza izingxenye.Kuthiwani uma udinga ukukhiqiza idivayisi yezokwelapha PCB amabhodi?Isitifiketi se-ISO 13485, isitifiketi sokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yedivayisi yezokwelapha, siyadingeka.

Isitifiketi se-ISO 13485

Isitifiketi se-ISO 13485 yizinga lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yedivayisi yezokwelapha eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke, eligxile ezinhlelweni zokuphatha ikhwalithi, eziqashelwa imboni yemishini yezokwelapha, izikhungo ezilawulayo futhi ezisetshenziswa njengohlaka.Izinga le-ISO 13485 lihlinzeka abakhiqizi, abaklami nabaphakeli embonini yemishini yezokwelapha ngohlaka oludingekayo ukuze babonise ukuhambisana nezidingo zokulawula kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi bababambe iqhaza.Uhlelo lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yedivayisi yezokwelapha ISO13485 lugxile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi engaguquki, ukuphepha komkhiqizo kanye nempumelelo eqhubekayo yemikhiqizo noma amasevisi akho, iwasekela ngohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi oluqinile nolusebenzayo.Kuthiwani uma udinga ukukhiqiza amabhodi e-PCB ezempi?Bese, udinga ukuthola isitifiketi se-GJB 9001, okungukuthi, isitifiketi sesistimu yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi evamile yezempi.

Isitifiketi se-GJB 9001

Uhlelo lwe-GJB 9001 lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wezempi luhlanganiswe ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko "zeMithetho Yokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Yemikhiqizo Yezempi" (okubhekiselwa kuyo "njengeMithetho") futhi ngesisekelo sezinga le-ISO 9001, okwengeza izidingo ezikhethekile ze imikhiqizo yezempi.Ukukhululwa nokuqaliswa kwamazinga ochungechunge lwezempi kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kokwakhiwa kwesistimu yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wezempi, futhi kwakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo yezempi.Kuthiwani uma isadinga ukuthunyelwa eYurophu nase-United States?Ngemuva kwalokho, izitifiketi ze-RoHS kanye ne-REACH ziyadingeka.

Isitatimende se-RoHS

Isitifiketi se-RoHS siyindinganiso esiyisibopho esisungulwe umthetho we-EU, futhi igama laso eliphelele lithi "Isiqondiso Ngokukhawulelwa Kokusetshenziswa Kwezingxenye Ezithile Eziyingozi Ezinsizeni Zikagesi Nezogesi".Izinga liqale ukusebenza ngomhla ka-1 Julayi, 2006, futhi lisetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukulawula izinto kanye nokucubungula amazinga emikhiqizo kagesi neye-elekthronikhi, okuyenza ifanelekele kakhulu impilo yabantu nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.Inhloso yaleli zinga ukuqeda izinto eziyisi-6 ezihlanganisa umthofu, i-mercury, i-cadmium, i-chromium ene-hexavalent, ama-biphenyl e-polybrominated nama-diphenyl ether e-polybrominated emikhiqizweni kagesi neye-elekthronikhi, futhi ibeka ikakhulukazi ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-cadmium akufanele kudlule u-0.01%.

REACH Isitatimende

Isitifiketi se-REACH isifinyezo seMithetho ye-EU "Ukubhaliswa, Ukuhlola, Ukugunyazwa kanye Nokuvinjelwa Kwamakhemikhali".Lesi isiphakamiso sokulawula esibandakanya ukuphepha kokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali, ukuhweba nokusetshenziswa.Ukuncintisana kwemboni, kanye nekhono lokusungula lokuthuthukisa izinhlanganisela ezingenabuthi nezingenabungozi.Ngokungafani ne-RoHS Directive, i-REACH inobubanzi obubanzi kakhulu, ethinta imikhiqizo nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene kusukela kwezimayini kuya kwezindwangu nezingubo, imboni ekhanyayo, i-electromechanical nokunye.Kuthiwani uma ikhasimende lidinga ukuthi umkhiqizo ungashi?Ngemuva kwalokho, abakhiqizi badinga ukuthola isitifiketi se-UL.

Isitifiketi se-UL

Inhloso yesitifiketi se-UL ukuhlola ukuphepha kwemikhiqizo nokusiza ukuvimbela imililo kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuphila okubangelwa imikhiqizo engasebenzi;ngesitifiketi se-UL, amabhizinisi azozuza ngokuqondile emcabangweni we-UL othi "ukuphepha kuhamba ngomjikelezo wempilo yomkhiqizo".Esigabeni socwaningo nentuthuko, ukuphepha kwemikhiqizo kuthathwa njengento ewumgogodla, futhi ukuphishekela imikhiqizo ephephile nesezingeni eliphezulu kubonwa yizimakethe zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe.Imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi kufanele iqinisekiswe nge-UL ngaphambi kokungena emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.

Ngokwethiyori, uma ikhasimende lingenazo ezinye izidingo ezishiwo, ngemva kokuthola isitifiketi esingenhla, amabhodi e-PCB akhiqiziwe angathengiswa kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila emhlabeni jikelele.

Okungenhla isitifiketi se-PCB.Uma unemibuzo mayelana ne-PCB, wamukelekile ukuze uxoxe ngayo nami.

Ngicela, noma yimuphi umbuzo Xhumana nathi .