Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza cha sayansi yamagetsi ndi ukadaulo, ukadaulo wa PCB wasinthanso kwambiri, ndipo ntchito yopanga ikufunikanso kupita patsogolo.Pa nthawi yomweyo aliyense makampani pa PCB bolodi ndondomeko zofunika pang'onopang'ono bwino, monga mafoni ndi makompyuta mu bolodi dera, ntchito golide, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mkuwa, chifukwa cha ubwino ndi kuipa kwa bolodi pang'onopang'ono. kukhala kosavuta kusiyanitsa.

Timakutengerani kuti mumvetsetse momwe ma board a PCB amagwirira ntchito, yerekezerani zabwino ndi zovuta zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya PCB board komanso zochitika.

Mwangwiro kuchokera kunja, wosanjikiza wakunja wa bolodi wozungulira ali ndi mitundu itatu ikuluikulu: golidi, siliva, kuwala kofiira.Malingana ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali: golidi ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri, siliva ndi wotsatira, wofiira wofiira ndi wotsika mtengo kwambiri, kuchokera ku mtunduwo ndi wosavuta kudziwa ngati opanga ma hardware adula ngodya.Komabe, bwalo lamkati lamkati lamkati ndilokhala ndi mkuwa wangwiro, ndiye kuti, bolodi lopanda kanthu.

A, bolodi lopanda mkuwa
Ubwino: otsika mtengo, pansi lathyathyathya, solderability wabwino (ngati alibe oxidized).

Zoipa: zosavuta kukhudzidwa ndi asidi ndi chinyezi, sizingasungidwe kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa maola a 2 mutatsegula, chifukwa mkuwa umapangidwa ndi okosijeni mosavuta ukakhala ndi mpweya;sungagwiritsidwe ntchito pawiri, chifukwa mbali yachiwiri yakhala ndi okosijeni itatha kubwereza koyamba.Ngati pali mayeso mfundo, ayenera kuwonjezera kusindikizidwa solder phala kupewa makutidwe ndi okosijeni, apo ayi wotsatira sangathe kukhudzana ndi kafukufuku bwino.

Mkuwa wangwiro ukhoza kukhala oxidized mosavuta ngati uli ndi mpweya, ndipo wosanjikiza wakunja uyenera kukhala ndi pamwamba pa chitetezo.Ndipo anthu ena amaganiza kuti chikasu chagolide ndi mkuwa, chimenecho si lingaliro lolondola, chifukwa ndi mkuwa pamwamba pa wosanjikiza woteteza.Chifukwa chake payenera kukhala malo akulu opaka golide pa bolodi, ndiye kuti, ndakubweretserani kale kuti mumvetsetse njira ya golide wozama.

B, Golide wokutidwa ndi bolodi

Kugwiritsa ntchito golide ngati plating wosanjikiza, imodzi ndikuthandizira kuwotcherera, yachiwiri ndikuletsa dzimbiri.Ngakhale patatha zaka zingapo zokumbukira zala zagolide, zowalabe ngati kale, ngati kugwiritsa ntchito koyambirira kwa mkuwa, aluminiyamu, chitsulo, tsopano kwachita dzimbiri kukhala mulu wa zidutswa.

Kuyika kwa golide kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapadi achigawo cha board board, zala zagolide, cholumikizira cholumikizira ndi malo ena.Mukapeza kuti bolodi dera kwenikweni siliva, zimapita popanda kunena, kuitana ogula ufulu hotline mwachindunji, ayenera kukhala Mlengi kudula ngodya, sanagwiritse ntchito zinthu bwino, ntchito zitsulo zina kupusitsa makasitomala.Timagwiritsa ntchito bolodi lokhala ndi foni yam'manja yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi bolodi yokutidwa ndi golide, bolodi yomira yagolide, ma boardboard apakompyuta, ma audio ndi ma board ang'onoang'ono a digito nthawi zambiri sakhala bolodi lokutidwa ndi golide.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa ndondomeko yamira golide kwenikweni sizovuta kujambula.

Ubwino: zovuta makutidwe ndi okosijeni, akhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, pamwamba ndi lathyathyathya, oyenera kuwotcherera zikhomo zabwino kusiyana ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi mafupa ang'onoang'ono solder.Zokondeka pama board a PCB okhala ndi makiyi (monga ma board a foni yam'manja).Ikhoza kubwerezedwa kangapo pa reflow soldering sikungathe kuchepetsa kugulitsa kwake.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo laling'ono la COB (Chip On Board) cholemba.

Zoipa: Mtengo wapamwamba, mphamvu zopanda mphamvu za solder, zosavuta kukhala ndi vuto la mbale yakuda chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya nickel electroless.Nickel wosanjikiza adzakhala oxidize pakapita nthawi, ndi kudalirika kwa nthawi yaitali ndi vuto.

Tsopano tikudziwa kuti golide ndi golide, siliva ndi siliva?Ayi, ndi malata.

C, HAL/HAL LF
bolodi la mtundu wa siliva limatchedwa spray tin board.Kupopera chingwe cha malata kunja kwa mizere yamkuwa kungathandizenso kutenthetsa.Koma sangathe kupereka yaitali kukhudzana kudalirika monga golide.Kwa zigawo zomwe zagulitsidwa zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa, koma kwa nthawi yayitali kukhudzana ndi mapepala a mpweya, kudalirika sikokwanira, monga mapepala oyambira pansi, zipolopolo za pini, etc. kusalumikizana bwino.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati bolodi yaying'ono yamagetsi yamagetsi, popanda kupatulapo, ndi bolodi lopopera, chifukwa chake ndi chotsika mtengo.

Ubwino wake ndi kuipa kwake akufotokozedwa mwachidule motere

Ubwino: mtengo wotsika, ntchito yabwino ya soldering.

Kuipa: si oyenera soldering zikhomo zabwino kusiyana ndi zigawo zazing'ono kwambiri, chifukwa pamwamba flatness wa bolodi kutsitsi malata ndi osauka.Mu PCB processing n'zosavuta kupanga malata mikanda (solder mkanda), ndi zikhomo zabwino phula (zabwino phula) zigawo zikuluzikulu zosavuta chifukwa dera lalifupi.Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito munjira ziwiri za SMT, chifukwa mbali yachiwiri yakhala yotentha kwambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kusungunula malata opoperanso ndikupanga mikanda ya malata kapena madontho amadzi ofanana ndi mphamvu yokoka kukhala madontho a mawanga ozungulira a malata, zomwe zimapangitsa zosagwirizana kwambiri pamwamba ndipo motero zimakhudza vuto la soldering.

M'mbuyomu anatchula yotsika mtengo kuwala wofiira dera bolodi, ndiye mgodi nyali thermoelectric kulekana mkuwa gawo lapansi.

4, OSP ndondomeko board

Filimu ya organic flux.Chifukwa ndi organic, osati chitsulo, choncho ndi otchipa kusiyana ndi ndondomeko malata opopera.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwake ndi

Ubwino: ali ndi zabwino zonse za zitsulo zamkuwa zopanda kanthu, matabwa otha ntchito amathanso kupangidwanso kamodzi mankhwala apamwamba.

Zoipa: Zimakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi asidi ndi chinyezi.Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito muzowonjezera zachiwiri, ziyenera kuchitidwa mkati mwa nthawi inayake, ndipo kawirikawiri kubwereza kachiwiri sikudzakhala kothandiza kwambiri.Ngati nthawi yosungiramo idutsa miyezi itatu, iyenera kubwerezedwanso.OSP ndi wosanjikiza insulating, kotero mayeso mfundo ayenera kusindikizidwa ndi solder phala kuchotsa original OSP wosanjikiza kuti agwirizane mfundo singano kuyezetsa magetsi.

Cholinga chokha cha filimuyi organic ndi kuonetsetsa kuti mkati mkuwa zojambulazo si oxidized pamaso soldering.Akatenthedwa pa soldering, filimuyi imasanduka nthunzi.Solder ndiye amatha kugulitsa waya wamkuwa ndi zigawo zake palimodzi.

Koma ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri, bolodi OSP, poyera mlengalenga kwa masiku khumi kapena kuposa, simungathe solder zigawo zikuluzikulu.

Ma board a mama apakompyuta ali ndi njira zambiri za OSP.Chifukwa malo a bolodi ndi aakulu kwambiri kuti asagwiritse ntchito golide.