ʻO ka mea kumu o ka papa kaapuni o ka hale hana PCB electro-acoustic he keleawe wale nō ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, a ʻo ka waena ka papa insulating, no laila ʻaʻole pono lākou e conductive ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua a i ʻole. kaapuni nui-papa o ka papa kaapuni?Pehea e pili ai na kaha ma na aoao elua i holo malie ke au? Ma lalo, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻike i ka electroacoustic Mea hana PCB e nānā i kēia kaʻina hana kilokilo iā ʻoe - copper sinking (PTH). ʻO ka immersion copper ka pōkole o Eletcroless Plating Copper, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Plated Through Hole, i hoʻopau ʻia ʻo PTH, ʻo ia ka hopena autocatalytic redox.Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka papa ʻelua-layer a i ʻole multi-layer, hoʻokō ʻia ke kaʻina hana PTH. ʻO ke kuleana o ka PTH: Ma luna o ka substrate hole hole non-conductive i wili ʻia, ua waiho ʻia kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o ke keleawe kemika e lilo i mea pani no ka electroplating keleawe ma hope. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ke kaʻina hana PTH: hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline → holoi ʻana i ke kula kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke kula kiʻekiʻe → coarsening (micro-etching) → hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūʻē lua → presoak → hoʻōla → holoi ʻana i ke kūʻē lua → degumming → hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūʻē lua → hoʻoheheʻe keleawe → hoʻoheheʻe kūʻē i ka pae lua → pickling
PTH wehewehe kiko'ī kaʻina hana: 1. Alkaline degreasing: wehe i ka aila stains, manamana lima, oxides, a me ka lepo i loko o ka pores;hoʻololi i ka pā pore mai ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole i ka uku maikaʻi, kahi kūpono no ka adsorption o colloidal palladium i ke kaʻina hana aʻe;ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma hope o ka degreasing pono e hahai pono i nā alakaʻi. 2. Micro-etching: e wehe i nā oxides ma ka ʻili o ka papa, e hoʻopololei i ka ʻili o ka papa, a e hōʻoia i ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi ma waena o ka papa immersion keleawe aʻe a me ke keleawe lalo o ka substrate;ʻO ka ʻili keleawe hou he hana ikaika a hiki ke hoʻopili maikaʻi i ka colloids palladium; 3. Pre-dip: ʻO ia ka mea nui e pale i ka pahu palladium mai ka haumia o ka wai wai hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe o ka pahu palladium.ʻO nā mea nui e like me nā mea o ka palladium tank koe wale nō ka palladium chloride, hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i ka paia o ka lua a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻōla hou ʻana o ka wai.E komo i ka lua i ka manawa no ka ho'ā pono a me ka pono; 4. Hoʻoulu: Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono polarity o ka alkaline degreasing pretreatment, hiki i nā paia pore i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia ke hoʻopaʻa pono i nā ʻāpana colloidal palladium i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia e hōʻoia i ka kūlike, ka hoʻomau a me ka compactness o ka ua keleawe ma hope;No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ka degreasing a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka deposition keleawe ma hope.Nā helu hoʻomalu: manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia;ion stannous maʻamau a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka ion chloride;ʻO ka gravity kiko'ī, ka acidity a me ka mahana he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia, a pono e mālama pono ʻia e like me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. 5. Degumming: e wehe i nā ionona i uhi ʻia ma waho o nā ʻāpana palladium colloidal e hōʻike i ke kumu palladium i loko o nā ʻāpana colloidal e hoʻopololei pono a hoʻoikaika i ka hopena o ka ua keleawe kemika.Hōʻike ka ʻike ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waika fluoroboric ma ke ʻano he degumming agent.s Koho. 6. Copper precipitation: ʻO ka electroless copper precipitation autocatalytic reaction ua hoʻoulu ʻia e ka hoʻāla ʻana o ka palladium nucleus.Hiki ke ho'ohana 'ia ke keleawe kemika hou a me ka hydrogen e like me ka hopena e ho'oikaika i ka hopena, no laila e ho'omau ka ho'omau 'ana o ka ua keleawe.Ma hope o ka hana ʻana ma kēia ʻanuʻu, hiki ke waiho ʻia kahi papa keleawe ma luna o ka papa a i ʻole ka paia o ka lua.I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, pono e mālama ʻia ka wai ʻauʻau ma lalo o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka ea maʻamau e hoʻololi i ke keleawe bivalent hou aʻe.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻina hana immersion keleawe e pili pono ana i ka maikaʻi o ka papa hana kaapuni.ʻO ia ke kumu kumu nui o nā vias maikaʻi, wehe a pōkole pōkole, a ʻaʻole kūpono no ka nānā ʻana.Hiki ke nānā ʻia ke kaʻina hana hope e nā hoʻokolohua luku.Ka nānā 'ana a me ka nānā 'ana i a hoʻokahi papa PCB , No laila, i ka wā e loaʻa ai kahi pilikia, pono ia he pilikia puʻupuʻu, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, e hoʻopiʻi ka huahana hope i nā pōʻino huna nui i ka maikaʻi, a hiki ke ʻoki wale ʻia i nā pūʻulu, no laila pono e hoʻokō pono ʻia e like me ka nā palena o nā kuhikuhi hana. 
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