Inani lokukhiphayo lomkhakha we-electroplating PCB womhlaba wonke likhule ngokushesha kunani eliphelele lokuphumayo lemboni yezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi.Yimboni enengxenye enkulu kunazo zonke embonini yokuhlukanisa izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi futhi inesikhundla esiyingqayizivele.Inani lokukhiphayo lonyaka le-electroplating PCB lingama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-60.Umthamo wemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi uya ngokuya uba mncane futhi ube mfushane, futhi ukunqwabelana okuqondile kwama-vias ku-by-blind vias kuyindlela yokuklama yokuthola ukuxhumana okuxhumene kakhulu.Ukuze wenze imbobo yokunqwabelanisa kahle, okokuqala, ukugcwala kwembobo phansi kufanele kwenziwe kahle.Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza indawo evamile yembobo yesicaba, futhi inqubo yokugcwalisa imbobo ye-electroplating ingummeleli. Ngaphandle kokunciphisa isidingo sokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo eyengeziwe, inqubo yokugcwalisa i-electroplating kanye nembobo iphinde ihambisane nemishini yenqubo yamanje, ehambisana nokuthola ukwethembeka okuhle. Ukugcwaliswa kwembobo ye-Electroplating kunezinzuzo ezilandelayo: (1) Kunenzuzo ukuklama Stacked and Via.on.Pad ( HDI Circuit Board ); (2) Thuthukisa ukusebenza kukagesi nosizo umklamo we-high-frequency ; (3) Isiza ekuqedeni ukushisa; (4) Imbobo yepulaki kanye nokuxhumana kukagesi kuqedwa ngesinyathelo esisodwa; (5) Izimbobo eziyizimpumputhe zigcwele ithusi elenziwe nge-electroplated, elinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu kanye ne-conductivity engcono kune-glue conductive.
Amapharamitha Ethonya Lomzimba Amapharamitha angokwenyama okufanele afundwe yilena: uhlobo lwe-anode, isikhala se-cathode-anode, ukuminyana kwamanje, ukuyaluza, izinga lokushisa, isilungisisi kanye ne-waveform, njll. (1) Uhlobo lwe-anode.Uma kukhulunywa ngezinhlobo ze-anode, akuyona into engaphezu kwama-anode ancibilikayo nama-anode angancibiliki.Ama-anode ancibilikayo ngokuvamile amabhola ethusi aqukethe i-phosphorus, okulula ukukhiqiza i-anode slime, angcolise isixazululo se-plating, futhi athinte ukusebenza kwesisombululo sokucwenga.I-anode engancibilikiyo, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-inert anode, ngokuvamile iqukethe i-titanium mesh ehlanganiswe nama-oxide axubile e-tantalum ne-zirconium.I-anode engancibiliki, ukuzinza okuhle, akukho ukugcinwa kwe-anode, akukho sludge ye-anode, ifanele i-pulse noma i-DC electroplating;nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo kukhulu. (2) Ibanga phakathi kwe-cathode ne-anode.Umklamo wokuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-cathode kanye ne-anode ku-electroplating ngenqubo yokugcwalisa kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi ukuklama kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini nakho kuhlukile.Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iklanywe kanjani, akufanele iphule umthetho wokuqala kaFara. (3) Ukunyakazisa.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokunyakazisa, njengokuzamazama kwemishini, ukudlidliza kukagesi, ukudlidliza kwegesi, ukunyakazisa umoya, uMfundisi nokunye. Ukuze uthole i-electroplating nokugcwalisa, ngokuvamile kukhethwa ukwandisa umklamo we-jet ngokusekelwe ekucushweni kwesilinda sethusi sendabuko.Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-jet engezansi noma i-jet eseceleni, indlela yokuhlela i-jet tube kanye neshubhu elishukumisa umoya kusilinda;kuyini ukugeleza kwe-jet ngehora;lingakanani ibanga phakathi kwe-jet tube kanye ne-cathode;uma i-jet eseceleni isetshenziswa, i-jet i-anode Front noma emuva;uma i-jet engezansi isetshenziswa, ingabe izobangela ukuguquguquka okungalingani, futhi isisombululo se-plating sizoshukunyiswa kancane phezulu naphansi;Ukwenza ukuhlola okuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela ekahle kakhulu ukuxhuma ishubhu ngayinye ye-jet kumitha yokugeleza, ukuze kuzuzwe injongo yokuqapha ukugeleza.Ngenxa yokugeleza kwe-jet enkulu, isisombululo sijwayele ukushisa, ngakho ukulawula izinga lokushisa nakho kubalulekile. (4) Ukuminyana kwamanje nezinga lokushisa.Ukuminyana okuphansi kwamanje kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kunganciphisa izinga lokubeka ithusi elingaphezulu, kuyilapho kuhlinzeka nge-Cu2 eyanele kanye nesicwebezeli esingena emgodini.Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, ikhono lokugcwalisa imbobo liyathuthukiswa, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kwe-plating nakho kuyancipha. (5) Umlungisi.I-rectifier iyisixhumanisi esibalulekile kunqubo ye-electroplating.Njengamanje, ucwaningo lwe-electroplating nokugcwalisa lukhawulelwe kakhulu ku-electroplating egcwele ibhodi.Uma i-electroplating yephethini nokugcwalisa kucatshangelwa, indawo ye-cathode izoba mncane kakhulu.Ngalesi sikhathi, kubekwa izidingo eziphezulu zokunemba kokuphumayo kwesilungisisi. Ukukhethwa kokunemba kokuphumayo kwesilungisi kufanele kunqunywe ngokuya ngomugqa womkhiqizo kanye nosayizi we- via hole.Uma imigqa ibe mincane futhi izimbobo zibe zincane, izidingo zokunemba kufanele zibe phezulu.Ngokuvamile, kuyatuseka ukukhetha isilungisisi esinembayo yokuphumayo ngaphakathi kuka-5%.Ukukhetha isilungisi esinembe kakhulu kuzokhuphula ukutshalwa kwezimali kumishini.Uma ufaka izintambo ikhebuli yokukhiphayo yesilungisi, qala ngokubeka isilungisi emaphethelweni ethangi lokucwenga ngangokunokwenzeka, okunganciphisa ubude bekhebuli yokukhipha futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokukhuphuka kwe-pulse current.Ukukhethwa kokucaciswa kwekhebula elikhiphayo lokulungisa kufanele kuhlangabezane nokwehla kwamandla kagesi womugqa wekhebuli yokukhipha ngaphakathi kuka-0.6V ku-80% womkhawulo omkhulu ophumayo wamanje.Ngokuvamile, indawo enqamula izingxenye zekhebula edingekayo ibalwa ngokuvumelana nomthamo wamanje wokuthwala ongu-2.5A/mm:.Uma indawo ephambanayo yekhebula incane kakhulu, ubude bekhebula bude kakhulu, noma ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kumugqa kukhulu kakhulu, i-transmission current ngeke ifinyelele inani lamanje elidingekayo ekukhiqizeni. Ethangini lokucwenga elinobubanzi bethangi elingaphezu kuka-1.6m, indlela yokuphakela amandla ezinhlangothi zombili kufanele icatshangelwe, futhi ubude bezintambo zamazwe amabili kufanele bulingane.Ngale ndlela, iphutha lamanje lamazwe amabili lingaqinisekiswa ukuthi lizolawulwa ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile.I-rectifier kufanele ixhunywe ezinhlangothini zombili ze-flybar ngayinye yethangi lokucwenga, ukuze okwamanje ezinhlangothini ezimbili zocezu kulungiswe ngokuhlukana. (6) I-Waveform.Njengamanje, ngokubuka kwe-waveform, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-electroplating nokugcwalisa: i-pulse electroplating ne-DC electroplating.Lezi zindlela ezimbili ze-electroplating kanye nokugcwaliswa kwemigodi ziye zafundwa.I-rectifier yendabuko isetshenziselwa i-DC electroplating nokugcwalisa imbobo, okulula ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa uma ipuleti lishubile, akukho okungenziwa.Isilungisi se-PPR sisetshenziselwa i-pulse electroplating nokugcwalisa imbobo, enezinyathelo eziningi zokusebenza, kodwa enekhono eliqinile lokucubungula amabhodi aminyene angaphakathi kwenqubo.
Umthelela we-substrate Umthelela we-substrate ekufakweni kwe-electroplating nokugcwalisa imbobo awukwazi ukushaywa indiva.Ngokuvamile, kunezici ezifana ne-dielectric layer material, i-hole shape, i-aspect ratio, kanye ne-chemical copper plating. (1) Impahla ye-Dielectric layer.Izinto zesendlalelo se-dielectric zinomthelela ekugcwaliseni imbobo.Ukuqinisa okungezona ingilazi kulula ukugcwalisa izimbobo kunokuqinisa ingilazi yefiber.Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-glass fiber protrusions emgodini inomthelela omubi ethusi lamakhemikhali.Kulesi simo, ubunzima bokugcwalisa imbobo ye-electroplating ukuthuthukisa ukunamathela kwesendlalelo sembewu ye-electroless plating, kunokuba inqubo yokugcwalisa imbobo ngokwayo. Eqinisweni, i-electroplating kanye nezimbobo zokugcwalisa ku-glass fiber reinforced substrates zisetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni kwangempela. (2) Ukubukeka kwesilinganiso.Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokugcwalisa imbobo yezimbobo zomumo nobukhulu obuhlukene buhlonishwa kakhulu yibo bobabili abakhiqizi nabathuthukisi.Ikhono lokugcwalisa imbobo lithinteka kakhulu ubukhulu bembobo kuya ku-diameter ratio.Uma sikhuluma nje, amasistimu e-DC asetshenziswa kakhulu kwezohwebo.Ekukhiqizeni, ububanzi besayizi bembobo buzoba buncane, ngokuvamile ububanzi bungu-80pm~120Bm, ukujula kwembobo kungu-40Bm~8OBm, futhi isilinganiso sobubanzi bobubanzi abudluli u-1:1. (3) Ungqimba lwethusi olungenawo ugesi.Ugqinsi nokufana kongqimba lwe-electroless copper plating kanye nesikhathi sokuma ngemva kokufakwa kwethusi okungena-electroless konke kuthinta ukusebenza kokugcwalisa imbobo.Ithusi elingenagesi lincane kakhulu noma linogqinsi olungalingani, futhi umphumela walo wokugcwalisa imbobo awulungile.Ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukugcwalisa izimbobo lapho ubukhulu bekhopha yamakhemikhali bu> 0.3pm.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-oxidation yethusi yamakhemikhali nayo inomthelela omubi emthonjeni wokugcwalisa umgodi. 
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